China illegally subsidises wheat and rice farmers, US alleges
美国指控中国非法补贴农民
广州贸易翻译公司：奥巴马政府在世贸组织启动新案件，指控中国政府通过设定大米、小麦和玉米最低收购价，向农户提供近1000亿美元补贴。
The US has accused China of illegally subsidising rice, corn and wheat farmers, adding agriculture to a growing list of Washington’s concerns over Chinese overproduction and distortion of global markets.
美国指控中国非法补贴水稻、玉米和小麦种植户，从而把农业列入美方担忧中国生产过剩、扭曲全球市场的越来越长的清单。广州贸易翻译公司。
The launch yesterday of a new World Trade Organisation case comes as President Barack Obama is campaigning to get a vast new Pacific Rim trade deal ratified by Congress later this year and selling it as a vital element of America’s strategic response to China’s economic rise.
昨日在世界贸易组织(WTO)启动这一新的诉讼案之际，美国总统巴拉克•奥巴马(Barack Obama)正全力推动国会在今年晚些时候批准一项新的、庞大的环太平洋贸易协定，将其说成是美国针对中国经济崛起的战略回应的一个关键元素。
It also comes amid global concerns about China’s industrial overcapacity and a heated US presidential election in which global trade and China’s impact on the US economy have been central issues.
与此同时，当前全球对中国的工业产能过剩感到担忧，而美国正在展开一场激烈的总统竞选，全球贸易以及中国给美国经济带来的冲击一直是这场竞选的中心议题。广州贸易翻译公司。
Washington has stepped up a trade crackdown on China in recent months, introducing steep anti-dumping tariffs on steel imports, launching new WTO cases and pushing to resist China’s demands to be treated as a market economy under WTO rules. Yesterday’s case is the 14th it has filed against China during Mr Obama’s presidency but its first major action against Beijing on behalf of the powerful US grain export sector.
近几个月来，华盛顿方面加强了对中国的贸易打击，对中国输美钢材开征高昂的反倾销关税，提起新的WTO案件，并推动抵制中国按照WTO规则获得市场经济地位的要求。昨日的案件是奥巴马任内第14起针对中国的诉讼，但却是奥巴马政府代表美国强大的谷物出口部门针对北京方面采取的首个重大行动。
“When American workers, businesses, and farmers have a fair shot to compete in the global economy, we win. And when other countries flout the rules to try and undercut American workers and farmers, we hold them accountable,” Mr Obama said yesterday.
“当美国工人、企业和农民有公平机会在全球经济中展开竞争时，我们可以赢。而当其他国家无视规则，试图以不公平的低价占美国工人和农民便宜时，我们追究他们的责任，”奥巴马昨日表示。广州贸易翻译公司。
But, faced with a rising China negotiating its own new trade deals in Asia, that was not enough, Mr Obama said, pressing his case for the Trans-Pacific Partnership which his administration signed with Japan and 10 other countries earlier this year. “As our global economy evolves, we have to ensure America plays a leading role in setting the highest standards for the rest of the world to follow,” the president said. “That’s what [the TPP] is all about.”
但是，奥巴马表示，面对一个正在亚洲谈判自己的新贸易协定的崛起中的中国，这还不够。他重申有必要批准他领导的行政当局今年早些时候与日本和另外10个国家签署的《跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》(TPP)。“随着我们的全球经济不断发展演变，我们必须确保美国扮演领导角色，设定让世界其他地区遵循的最高标准，”美国总统表示，“这就是TPP的意义所在。”
Mr Obama’s push to secure congressional approval for the TPP faces big hurdles, including the opposition of both Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton, the two candidates vying to succeed him. But the administration is hoping that with the backing of Republican leaders in Congress as well as powerful business and agricultural lobbies it can secure the votes needed to secure ratification after the November 8 election.
奥巴马争取美国国会批准TPP的努力面临巨大障碍，包括正为接替他而展开角逐的两位候选人——唐纳德•特朗普(Donald Trump)和希拉里•克林顿(Hillary Clinton)——都反对该贸易协定。但奥巴马政府希望，在国会共和党领袖以及强大的商业和农业游说团体支持下，它能够在11月8日的总统大选后争取到足够票数批准TPP。广州贸易翻译公司。
Key to that effort will be the support of members of Congress from farm states, some of whom joined yesterday’s announcement of the new WTO case.
这项努力的关键将是来自农业大州的国会议员的支持，其中一些议员出席了昨日宣布新的WTO案件的仪式。
The case is aimed at what Washington argues is almost $100bn in illegal subsidies that Beijing provides to farmers by setting inflated minimum prices for rice, wheat and corn at which it then buys the grains during harvest season.
此案的矛头指向美方认为的北京方面通过设定偏高的大米、小麦和玉米最低收购价，向种植户提供的近1000亿美元非法补贴。中国政府在收割季节按最低收购价购买这些谷物。广州贸易翻译公司。
Those de facto subsidies, the US argues, violate the commitments that China made when it joined the WTO in 2001. They also result in overproduction and affect the ability of US farmers to compete both in China and globally.
美方主张，这些事实上的补贴违反了中国在2001年加入世贸组织时作出的承诺。它们还导致生产过剩，影响美国农民在中国乃至全球范围的竞争能力。
The US is the world’s largest agricultural exporter and last year sent more than $20bn in agricultural products to China.
美国是世界上最大的农业出口国，去年向中国发运了逾200亿美元农产品。
